Rogue Males: Three Men of Oxford

A book by: Rob Walters (yet to be published)

Copyright 2004

An Overview and Sample Chapter

Rogue Males

Sir Richard Burton is best known as an explorer and translator of Arabian and Indian books, many of them sexually explicit. He was known as "Ruffian Dick" and led a life well beyond the pale of the typical Victorian. Richard Burton was a very famous actor with a brilliant voice and the looks to accompany it. Sometimes known as "Beer Burton", he married Elizabeth Taylor twice and led a life which was often as dramatic as the characters that he played. He used the alias "Mr Nice" and adopted this as the title of a book that describes his exploits and ultimate incarceration in an American jail.

Each of these men has a roguish streak to their character, but they also have a number of other things in common – one of which is that they began their adult lives at Oxford University. In fact they attended three colleges which stand, cheek by jowl, on Oxford’s Broad Street: Exeter, Balliol and Trinity. Each was a master of disguise, though for rather different ends. Each was a great traveller, Howard for the drug trafficking, Richard for the film sets and Sir Richard for exploration and consular duties. They were all writers. Two of them were Welsh, two shared a name, two are dead, and all three are famous in their different ways. Finally, and importantly, they were all iconoclasts, mould breakers in different times and in different worlds, all three bequeathing something of significance to modern times.

This book illuminates the fascinating lives of each of these men, but also speculates on how they might react to each other. It recreates the Oxford that bred them, traces their subsequent lives, and then leads them back there so that they can meet, discuss and cavort. Their discussions are compelling and wide ranging; they include a spirited debate on the liberal society implied by Howard Marks' lifestyle, and the reactions of the Burtons, the Victorian explorer and the much married actor, to such a society.

In providing a multiple biography the book does question the authenticity of genre itself; but it also takes biography one stage further, moving smoothly from well-sourced fact into fiction, carrying the character of each man along the way. In doing so it airs some of today’s controversial topics, for example: American hegemony, the freedom to consume drugs, sexual loyalty, the value of education and the right to self-determination. These are exposed to the soaring intellectuality and conservatism of the older Burton, the articulation of the younger Burton and the liberality of Marks. This part of the book is based upon a pre-construction which took place in the city using three rogue "think-alikes". The results are sometimes shocking, always interesting, and often edifying.

The book itself is complete. It is just over 100,000 words in length and available in Microsoft Word format. Illustrations are optional; at present none are envisaged, though there is plenty of material available.

Rogue Males: Related Books

I do not think that there are any books quite like mine, certainly none that I know of. As I scour the biography shelves there are very few that address multiple subjects and even fewer that launch off into fictional extrapolation. "Wild Swans" by Jung Chang covers the author’s mother, grandmother and herself, but here the relationship is so obviously different. Aubrey’s "Brief Lives" may be the earliest example of multiple biography, but it makes no attempt to link the lives that it covers. Andrew Roberts’ "Napoleon and Wellington" does at least embrace two different people, but they were contemporaneous and linked by battle. The books of Andrew Motion might be considered as somewhat similar; the author is both a novelist and a biographer and uses fiction to enhance his biographical work (Charles Dickens, for example).

Perhaps Sebastian Faulks' "Three Fatal Englishmen" is a suitable Aunt Sally. But the link between Faulks' three is a bit tenuous - early death being the key, I think. As the Mail on Sunday opined "You may not have heard of the subjects of these three essays, but please do not let that hinder you." In my book you will have heard of at least one of the subjects, if not all three. There is also a fundamental difference between Faulks' book and my own. I am going to slide into "fiction" and it is the meeting of minds between my rogues that the reader will be left with on completing the book.

More recently "The Lunar Men: The Friends who made the Future" by Jenny Uglow has been published. It brings a varied group of men together under the moon - they use its light to ride home at night. This group actually did meet together and the book is therefore a collective biography and does not have the fictional element - but it could well act as a market former for multiple biography.

I do not view the fact that there are few books for direct comparison as a negative. People, readers, are always looking for something new, especially something to which they can relate. The strap line for my book could be that it is about three fascinating men who all began their adulthood in Oxford, lived exciting and influential lives and in this book are drawn back to the city that spawned them. It is different, but it can sit comfortably beside Napoleon and Wellington or out there on the popular tables vying with novels, travel books and the like. Staring up at each reader will be the photographs of three eye-catching men, at least one of which will be recognised. It is a winning formula and one that I can repeat. I already have my eye on three minxes of Oxford.

Rogue Males: Chapter Outlines

1. Setting the Scene

A brief look at the three men: Sir Richard Burton, Richard Burton and Howard Marks - their characters, their achievements and what they have in common.

A rapid tour through Oxford through the eyes of its mythical founder: its colleges, particularly those that the three men attended, its history and reason for existence. All in the context of the three men.

A hangover clouded stumble past the three key colleges by Howard Marks, in which he fleetingly meets his two companions and glimpses Oxford as it was in their day.

This chapter concludes by asking: how do we know what we think we know of the three rogues? Biographical sources and the nature of biography itself are held up to the light.

You can read this chapter on-line - just click here

2. Ruffian Dick: Childhood and Oxford

Early life as an upper middle class gypsy child touring around Europe with his hypochondriacal parents. The devilets, Burton and his younger brother, their exploits and violent education by an old Oxfordian tutor. How Burton came to attend Oxford. What Oxford was like in the mid 19th Century. Life in Trinity College. Burton’s exploits and his friends. Clashes with the authorities. The sending down and grand exit.

3. Ruffian Dick: Explorer, Consul and Translator

Evolving Burton’s character through his early experiences in India and his first expedition to Mecca. Further delving via his early African experiences, particularly the disaster at Berbera and the near discovery of the source of the Nile. His marriage and attitude to women. Consular service, his time in Fernando Po, Santos and Damascus. Recall from Syria and posting to Trieste. The later explorations and translations of Arabic sex manuals. The burning of his papers.

4. Beer Burton: Coal Miner's Son to Oxford Student

Richard Burton’s early life in Wales, the death of his mother and adoption by an elder sister. Early signs of an actor's skills. Frustration as a shop assistant and return to school. His "adoption" by schoolteacher, Phillip Burton. First professional appearance and first sexual fling. Transition to Oxford. Describing Oxford in the mid 20th Century. Burton’s life in Exeter College. His affinity for beer and success in his first Shakespearean play. Friends and partners.

5. Beer Burton: Navigator, Thespian and Star

Release from the RAF. The first years of a rising star. Success at Stratford. The tuning of Richard's character through his plays and Hollywood films. Burton’s drinking and philandering. Marriage to Sybil and life in Switzerland. The 1960s and the irresistibility of Elizabeth Taylor. World fame through Cleopatra and the affair. The couple’s visit to Oxford. The founding of the Burton Taylor Theatre. Richard as a writer, his publications and the notebooks that provide a window into his life. Fighting the booze as the shadows lengthen.

6. Mr Nice: Sailor's Son to Oxford Graduate

Howard Mark’s Welsh upbringing at Kenfig Hill. Early signs of a scammer. Swot by day and boozer by night. Arrival in Oxford. A glimpse of Oxford in the sixties. Howard at Balliol: "the never ending party." Introduction to hash and organising college balls. First tangle with the cops over drugs. Life in Paradise. Is it possible to cheat and survive Oxford?

7. Mr Nice: Post Graduate to Pot Bootlegger

Early activities in the supply of marijuana. The establishment of the "Taffia" and distributing hash in London. Marks goes international. Adventures in the Far East. First arrest and how to jump bail and save the bond. The media image of Marks as the escapologist and secret agent. Second arrest and how to talk your way out of jail. Freedom to deal again, culminating in the bumper scam. Arrest in Palma and incarceration in America. Release and subsequent life as a "legalise hash" campaigner.

8. Conversation in the College Bar

Upon his release from a long stay in a high security American jail Howard Marks returns to England. Drunk on freedom and free red wine he finds himself in the city where his courtship with marijuana began. There he is approached by two men of the past - the explorer and the actor - the Burtons. They repair to the college bar of Balliol College to drink and discuss the issues of the day. Their attitudes and characters, as delineated by previous chapters, are brought into full play. No duels are fought but the debate rages and ranges for some hours. The combination of Sir Richard Burton’s racial views and his intelligent fieriness contrasts well with Richard Burton’s socialist oratory and Howard Marks’ liberality. Together they tackle controversial topics such as the legalisation of drugs, national self-determination, racism, monogamy and sexual freedom, duty and reward. On Sir Richard's insistence Howard agrees to take the three of them to the explorer's tomb the next day.

9. Lunchtime Drinks and the Destruction of the Tomb

They meet on the following morning and take the train to Mortlake. On the journey the Burtons tear into the industrial revolution and its aftermath with the ferocity of their extreme left and right wing views and Howard at last manages to score some dope. At the cemetery Sir Richard Burton is so incensed that he has been buried as a catholic, and by the news that his wife had burned his papers, that he sets about destroying his own tomb, the stone tent that holds both his body. The actor joins in whilst Howard smokes a few well-deserved spliffs. More discussion takes place during a lunchtime session in a Mortlake pub, including revelations about Sir Richard's marriage released by his wife's betrayal and spreading into the establishment and destruction of moral absolutes which draws on the Sufi poem written by Burton. Sir Richard manages to demonstrate that his namesake's love of self-determination is vacuous and the actor shocks the other two by declaring his hatred of Shakespeare.

10. The Three Go Clubbing

The return journey to Oxford witnesses the Victorian explorer clash with 20th century technology and his regaling the other two with Arabian tales and descriptions of primitive sexual practices. On arriving back at the city Burton engages the services of a lady of the night who bears a surprising similarity to Elizabeth Taylor. The pub-crawl continues: when they call at the Jolly Farmer they confront modern homosexuality and pick up some odd academics. The motley group decides to take dinner at Oxford's top hotel - and are refused entry. They end the evening at a night-club where the nature of dance is dissected and the Burtons finally depart in some style.

 

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